{"id":7591,"date":"2026-04-13T15:27:09","date_gmt":"2026-04-13T15:27:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ornbardur.com\/2026\/04\/13\/um-rettlatt-strid\/"},"modified":"2026-04-13T15:27:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T15:27:09","slug":"um-rettlatt-strid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/?p=7591","title":{"rendered":"Um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00deessa dagana \u00fe\u00e1 \u00feetta er rita\u00f0, 13. apr\u00edl 2026,  trompast Trump yfir sko\u00f0unum Le\u00f3s XIV p\u00e1fa um str\u00ed\u00f0srekstur og s\u00fdnir enn hva\u00f0 hann er skj\u00f3tr\u00e1\u00f0ur og gjarn \u00e1 a\u00f0 ofnota trompin \u00ed spilastokknum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Til a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsa almenning um kenningar kirkjunnar um str\u00ed\u00f0 er h\u00e9r texti \u00ed \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu sem ger\u00f0 var me\u00f0 vitl\u00edkinu Claude og lagf\u00e6rt af handhafa \u00feessarar s\u00ed\u00f0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Viltu hlusta? Smelltu \u00e1 uppt\u00f6kuna fyrir ne\u00f0an myndina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1778\" height=\"1131\" src=\"http:\/\/localhost:8081\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/img_1116.jpg?w=1024\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7589\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\"><audio controls src=\"https:\/\/pub-c849b6aaf98340c4bec7b480b0f7ffe9.r2.dev\/2026\/04\/kenningar-kirkjunnar-um-rettlatt-strid.m4a\"><\/audio><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hugmyndir um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1t str\u00ed\u00f0 (lat\u00edna: <em>bellum iustum<\/em>) eru kenning, einnig nefnd hef\u00f0, um herna\u00f0arsi\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i sem hefur a\u00f0 markmi\u00f0i a\u00f0 tryggja a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0 s\u00e9 si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilega r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tanlegt me\u00f0 r\u00f6\u00f0 skilyr\u00f0a, sem \u00f6ll ver\u00f0a a\u00f0 vera uppfyllt til \u00feess a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0 teljist r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt. Hana hafa rannsaka\u00f0 herforingjar, gu\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ingar, si\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0ingar og stefnum\u00f3tendur. Skilyr\u00f0unum er skipt \u00ed tvo h\u00f3pa: <em>jus ad bellum<\/em> (\u201er\u00e9ttur til a\u00f0 fara \u00ed str\u00ed\u00f0&#8221;) og <em>jus in bello<\/em> (\u201er\u00e9tt framfer\u00f0i \u00ed str\u00ed\u00f0i&#8221;). Kalla\u00f0 hefur veri\u00f0 eftir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feri\u00f0ji flokkur kenningar um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0 (<em>jus post bellum<\/em>) ver\u00f0i tekinn upp, sem fjallar um si\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i uppgj\u00f6rs og enduruppbyggingar eftir str\u00ed\u00f0. Kenningin um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0 heldur \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 hr\u00e6\u00f0ilegt \u2014 \u00fe\u00f3 s\u00ed\u00f0ur svo me\u00f0 r\u00e9ttu framfer\u00f0i \u2014 s\u00e9 ekki alltaf versti kosturinn, heldur r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tanlegt \u00feegar r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti er markmi\u00f0 vopna\u00f0ra \u00e1taka. Mikilv\u00e6gar skyldur, \u00f3\u00e6skilegar aflei\u00f0ingar e\u00f0a \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast grimmdarverk m\u00f3ta\u00f0ila geta r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tt str\u00ed\u00f0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00deeir sem andm\u00e6la kenningunni um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0 geta anna\u00f0hvort halla\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 strangari fri\u00f0arstefnu (sem heldur \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 aldrei hafi veri\u00f0 og geti aldrei veri\u00f0 r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tanleg \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a fyrir str\u00ed\u00f0i) e\u00f0a \u00feeir geta halla\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ernislegri vi\u00f0mi\u00f0um sem eru frj\u00e1lslegri (sem halda \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0 \u00feurfi a\u00f0eins a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00f3na hagsmunum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar til a\u00f0 vera r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tanlegt). \u00cd m\u00f6rgum tilvikum fullyr\u00f0a heimspekingar a\u00f0 einstaklingar \u00feurfi ekki a\u00f0 \u00fej\u00e1st af sektarkennd ef \u00feeir \u00feurfi a\u00f0 berjast. Nokkrir heimspekingar d\u00fdrka dygg\u00f0ir hermanna \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00feeir l\u00fdsa yfir \u00e1hyggjum s\u00ednum af str\u00ed\u00f0inu sj\u00e1lfu. Nokkrir, eins og Rousseau, f\u00e6ra r\u00f6k fyrir uppreisn gegn k\u00fagunarvaldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00f6gulegi \u00fe\u00e1tturinn, e\u00f0a \u201ehef\u00f0 r\u00e9ttl\u00e1ts str\u00ed\u00f0s&#8221;, fjallar um s\u00f6gulegt safn reglna e\u00f0a samninga sem hafa gilt \u00ed \u00fdmsum styrj\u00f6ldum \u00ed gegnum t\u00ed\u00f0ina. Hef\u00f0 r\u00e9ttl\u00e1ts str\u00ed\u00f0s l\u00edtur einnig til skrifa \u00fdmissa heimspekinga og l\u00f6gfr\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00ed s\u00f6gunni og sko\u00f0ar b\u00e6\u00f0i heimspekilegar hugsj\u00f3nir \u00feeirra um si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegar takmarkanir str\u00ed\u00f0s og hvort hugsun \u00feeirra hafi lagt eitthva\u00f0 af m\u00f6rkum til \u00feess safns samninga sem hafa \u00fer\u00f3ast til lei\u00f0beininga \u00ed str\u00ed\u00f0i og herna\u00f0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c1 tuttugustu og fyrstu \u00f6ld hefur veri\u00f0 talsver\u00f0 umr\u00e6\u00f0a milli hef\u00f0bundinna fr\u00e6\u00f0imanna um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0, sem sty\u00f0ja a\u00f0 mestu leyti gildandi str\u00ed\u00f0sl\u00f6g og \u00fer\u00f3a r\u00f6k til stu\u00f0nings \u00feeim, og endursko\u00f0enda sem hafna m\u00f6rgum hef\u00f0bundnum forsendum, \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00feeir tali ekki endilega fyrir breytingum \u00e1 l\u00f6gunum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[&#8230;]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kristnar kenningar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oft er tali\u00f0 a\u00f0 kristin hugsun um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0 hafi hafist me\u00f0 heil\u00f6gum Ambr\u00f3sius, biskupi \u00ed M\u00edlan\u00f3, \u00e1\u00f0ur en h\u00fan var \u00fer\u00f3u\u00f0 frekar af samt\u00edmamanni hans, heil\u00f6gum \u00c1g\u00fast\u00ednusi fr\u00e1 Hipp\u00f3 (354-430 e. Kr).  Kenningin um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0, me\u00f0 nokkrum breytingum, er enn notu\u00f0 af kristnum m\u00f6nnum \u00ed dag sem lei\u00f0arv\u00edsir um hvort str\u00ed\u00f0 geti veri\u00f0 r\u00e9ttl\u00e6tanlegt, og hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 skuli h\u00e1\u00f0. Kristnir menn geta haldi\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed fram me\u00f0 \u00feessum or\u00f0um: \u201eStundum getur str\u00ed\u00f0 veri\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegt og r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt, jafnvel \u00fe\u00f3tt \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekki gott.&#8221; \u00cd tilviki lands sem hefur veri\u00f0 hernumi\u00f0 af hern\u00e1msherli\u00f0i, til d\u00e6mis, getur str\u00ed\u00f0 veri\u00f0 eina lei\u00f0in til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fram r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Heilagur Ambr\u00f3sius<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Undir \u00e1hrifum fr\u00e1 r\u00f3mverskum l\u00f6gum, og Cicero s\u00e9rstaklega, tr\u00fa\u00f0i Ambr\u00f3sius a\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0 v\u00e6ri a\u00f0eins l\u00f6gm\u00e6tt \u00ed varnarskyni e\u00f0a sem refsing fyrir alvarlegar rangar gj\u00f6r\u00f0ir, og h\u00f6f\u00f0ingjar v\u00e6ru skyldugir til a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a samninga, for\u00f0ast a\u00f0 n\u00fdta s\u00e9r \u00f3vini og fara miskunnsamlega me\u00f0 sigra\u00f0a. Ambr\u00f3sius vir\u00f0ist einnig hafa liti\u00f0 svo \u00e1 a\u00f0 herna\u00f0arlegt ofbeldi v\u00e6ri leyfilegt gegn villutr\u00faarm\u00f6nnum, e\u00f0a til stu\u00f0nings kristnum r\u00e9tttr\u00fana\u00f0i. Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur banna\u00f0i hann kirkjunni stranglega beinan \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed ofbeldi og kraf\u00f0ist \u00feess a\u00f0 klerkar t\u00e6kju ekki sj\u00e1lfir til vopna. A\u00f0 sama skapi \u00feyrfti str\u00ed\u00f0 a\u00f0eins a\u00f0 vera h\u00e1\u00f0 til a\u00f0 uppfylla hi\u00f0 gu\u00f0lega l\u00f6gm\u00e1l, ekki af pers\u00f3nulegum hv\u00f6tum, og s\u00e9rhvert str\u00ed\u00f0 kn\u00fai\u00f0 \u00e1fram af tilfinningalegum yfirgangi, hefndargirni e\u00f0a \u00f6\u00f0rum r\u00f6sku\u00f0um \u00e1formum, f\u00e9ll utan \u00feeirra si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegu marka sem hann haf\u00f0i \u00ed huga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Heilagur \u00c1g\u00fast\u00ednus<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Heilagur \u00c1g\u00fast\u00ednus taldi a\u00f0 kristnir menn \u00e6ttu ekki gr\u00edpa strax til ofbeldis, en a\u00f0 Gu\u00f0 hef\u00f0i gefi\u00f0 stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ldum sver\u00f0i\u00f0 af g\u00f3\u00f0ri \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u (byggt \u00e1 R\u00f3mverjabr\u00e9finu 13:4). [Innskot \u00far R\u00f3m 13.3-5]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cd <em>Contra Faustum Manichaeum<\/em>, b\u00f3k 22, k\u00f6flum 69\u201376, a\u00f0alheimildinni fyrir hugmyndum hans um r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0, heldur \u00c1g\u00fast\u00ednus \u00fev\u00ed fram a\u00f0 kristnir menn, sem hluti af stj\u00f3rnv\u00f6ldum, \u00feurfi ekki a\u00f0 skammast s\u00edn fyrir a\u00f0 vernda fri\u00f0 og refsa illsku \u00feegar \u00feeir eru skyldugir til \u00feess. \u00c1g\u00fast\u00ednus leit \u00e1 \u00e1form sem a\u00f0alvi\u00f0mi\u00f0 \u00feess hvort str\u00ed\u00f0 v\u00e6ri r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt e\u00f0a syndsamlegt: \u201e\u00dea\u00f0 sem krafist er h\u00e9r er ekki l\u00edkamleg ath\u00f6fn, heldur innri afsta\u00f0a. Heilagt s\u00e6ti dygg\u00f0arinnar er hjarta\u00f0.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur fullyrti \u00c1g\u00fast\u00ednus a\u00f0 fri\u00f0s\u00e6lt a\u00f0ger\u00f0arleysi frammi fyrir alvarlegu rangl\u00e6ti sem a\u00f0eins m\u00e6tti lei\u00f0r\u00e9tta me\u00f0 ofbeldi v\u00e6ri synd. V\u00f6rn eigin l\u00edfs e\u00f0a saklausra g\u00e6ti \u00fev\u00ed veri\u00f0 nau\u00f0syn, s\u00e9rstaklega \u00feegar h\u00fan v\u00e6ri heimilu\u00f0 af l\u00f6gm\u00e6tu r\u00edkisvaldi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201e\u00deeir sem hafa h\u00e1\u00f0 str\u00ed\u00f0 \u00ed hl\u00fd\u00f0ni vi\u00f0 gu\u00f0l\u00e6gt bo\u00f0, e\u00f0a \u00ed samr\u00e6mi vi\u00f0 l\u00f6g hans, hafa \u00fear me\u00f0 t\u00e1kna\u00f0 \u00ed eigin pers\u00f3num opinbert r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti e\u00f0a visku stj\u00f3rnm\u00e1lanna, og \u00ed \u00feessari st\u00f6\u00f0u hafa \u00feeir teki\u00f0 af l\u00edfi illvirka menn; sl\u00edkir einstaklingar hafa \u00e1 engan h\u00e1tt broti\u00f0 gegn bo\u00f0or\u00f0inu: \u201e\u00de\u00fa skalt ekki drepa.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201eEn, segja \u00feeir, hinn spaki ma\u00f0ur mun heyja r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tt str\u00ed\u00f0. Eins og hann myndi ekki frekar harma nau\u00f0syn r\u00e9ttl\u00e1tra str\u00ed\u00f0a, ef hann man a\u00f0 hann er ma\u00f0ur; \u00fev\u00ed ef \u00feau v\u00e6ru ekki r\u00e9ttl\u00e1t myndi hann ekki heyja \u00feau, og myndi \u00fev\u00ed vera leystur undan \u00f6llum str\u00ed\u00f0um.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u201eEkkert str\u00ed\u00f0 er h\u00e1\u00f0 af g\u00f3\u00f0u r\u00edki nema fyrir h\u00f6nd g\u00f3\u00f0rar tr\u00faar e\u00f0a til \u00f6ryggis.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00deakkir . . . <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Heimildir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Just_war_theory<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00deessa dagana \u00fe\u00e1 \u00feetta er rita\u00f0, 13. apr\u00edl 2026, trompast Trump yfir sko\u00f0unum Le\u00f3s XIV p\u00e1fa um str\u00ed\u00f0srekstur og s\u00fdnir enn hva\u00f0 hann er skj\u00f3tr\u00e1\u00f0ur og gjarn \u00e1 a\u00f0 ofnota trompin \u00ed spilastokknum. Til a\u00f0 uppl\u00fdsa almenning um kenningar kirkjunnar um str\u00ed\u00f0 er h\u00e9r texti \u00ed \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ingu sem ger\u00f0 var me\u00f0 vitl\u00edkinu Claude og lagf\u00e6rt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_hide_featured_image":false,"_jetpack_featured_image_duplicate_dismissed":0,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7591","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-greinar-og-hugvekjur-articles"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7591"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7591\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7591"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ornbardur.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}